The Job Characteristics Model is attributed to which two researchers?

• A. Herzberg and McClelland
• B. Hackman and Oldham
• C. Maslow and Alderfer
• D. Adams and Vroom

Answer: (B)

Hackman and Oldham developed the Job Characteristics Model, which explains how the way a job is designed can boost motivation by shaping how meaningful it feels, how much responsibility is felt, and how well feedback is received. The model outlines five core dimensions—skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback—that influence these psychological states and lead to outcomes like higher motivation and job satisfaction. Knowing this, Hackman and Oldham are the researchers linked to this model. Other names relate to different theories (for example, Herzberg with motivator-hygiene theory, Maslow with needs hierarchy, Vroom with expectancy theory), which is why Hackman and Oldham are the correct pair here.